Know with Joe

How did Russia and Ukraine go from being close allies to bitter rivals? It’s a complicated question, with roots that go back centuries. But at the heart of the current tensions is a struggle for control over Ukraine’s future—a struggle between those who want Ukraine to maintain close ties with Russia and those who want it to move closer to the West. The roots of the conflict can be traced back to the early days of the Russian Empire, when Ukrainian territory was divided between two rival powers: the Russian Empire and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The division created deep resentment among Ukrainians, who longed for a unified Ukrainian state. This desire for independence was further fueled by Soviet leader Joseph Stalin’s decision to force collectivization on Ukrainian peasants in the 1930s, which led to widespread famine known as the Holodomor. After World War II, Ukraine became a republic within the Soviet Union, but it maintained its own cultural and linguistic identity. When ...

Climate change is one of the most pressing issues of our time . It is a global problem that requires a global solution . Climate change is caused by a build - up of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere . These gases are emitted when we burn fossil fuels such as coal , oil and gas . They trap heat from the sun and cause the Earth ’ s average temperature to rise . This might not sound like a big deal, but it could have devastating consequences . The Inter governmental Panel on Climate Change ( IP CC ) predicts that if we don ’ t take action to reduce emissions , the average global temperature could rise by up to 4 . 5 ° C by the end of this century . That might not sound like much, but it would be enough to melting the polar ice caps and causing sea levels to rise by up to 3 metres . This would lead to floods , d rough ts and extreme weather conditio...

In the following video, you can will be able to hear the full history of the Manhattan Project, and how the Atomic energy started to be used by mankind. I tried to be as much detailed as possible without getting boring, I really hope you will enjoy this work, and the video that comes out from it. Here the video: This is a collection of each chapter published separately in this blog: - What do you know about J. Robert Oppenheimer? - What do you know about the Manhattan Project? - What do You Know about Leo Szilard? - What do You Know about Enrico Fermi? - What do you know about the Einstein letter to Roosvelt? - What do you know about the Hiroshima and Nagasaki Atomic? Each link I listed above has a detailed article written for the specific topic reported. Each Bom bs? https://www.youtube.com/shorts/9MVV1q87nPQ

In early August 1945, the United States dropped atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, causing massive destruction and killing more than 210,000 people. The devastation led to Japan’s surrender and brought an end to World War II. The decision to use atomic weapons against Japan was made by President Harry S. Truman. He was advised by a group of his closest military and civilian advisors, who concluded that the bombings were necessary to bring about a quick end to the war and save lives that would be lost in a land invasion of Japan. In July 1945, the United States, Britain, and China issued the Potsdam Declaration, which called for Japan’s unconditional surrender. The Japanese government ignored the ultimatum, and on August 6, the United States dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima. On August 8, the Soviet Union declared war on Japan, and on August 9, the United States dropped another atomic bomb on Nagasaki. On August 15, Japan announced its surrender. During Wor...

It is well known that on August 2, 1939, Albert Einstein wrote a letter to then President Roosevelt informing him of recent developments in the field of atomic research and the potential for developing a weapon based on that research. What is not as well known, however, is the history of how that letter came to be written and what happened after it was sent. In the early 1930s, as Hitler was coming to power in Germany, many Jewish scientists began to emigrate to other countries. Einstein was one of them, moving first to Princeton, New Jersey in 1933. He kept abreast of developments in atomic research and was disturbed by the possibility that the Nazis might develop a weapon using this new technology. In 1938, German chemists Otto Hahn and Fritz Strassmann discovered nuclear fission, which is the process of splitting an atom into smaller particles. This discovery set off a race among physicists around the world to see who could develop a working atomic bomb first. Einstein became friend...

Enrico Fermi was an Italian physicist and the creator of the world's first nuclear reactor. He is considered to be one of the most important physicists of the 20th century. His work in particle physics, nuclear physics, and statistical mechanics helped to revolutionize our understanding of the subatomic world. Fermi was born in Rome in 1901. His father was an officer in the Italian army, and his mother was a schoolteacher. Fermi showed an early interest in science, and he excelled in his studies. He graduated from high school at age 15 and went on to study physics at the University of Pisa. He received his doctoral degree in 1922, and his dissertation was on the phenomenon of beta decay. After graduation, Fermi remained in Italy for a few years, teaching at the University of Rome and conducting research at the Institute of Physics of the University of Rome. In 1926, he won a fellowship to study in the United States. He spent two years at Columbia University in New York City, workin...

Leo Szilard was a Hungarian-American physicist and inventor. He is noted for his contributions to the development of nuclear chain reactions and, as co-founder of The Committee for Nuclear Information, for his early advocacy of peaceful uses of atomic energy and control of nuclear weapons. Szilard initially formulated the idea of a nuclear chain reaction in 1933, while working on the atomic bomb at the University of California, Berkeley. He patented the idea of a nuclear reactor with Enrico Fermi in 1934. He also conceived the Szilard–Wheeler model of thermonuclear fusion. In 1938, fearing that German scientists might develop an atomic bomb for Nazi Germany, Szilard persuaded fellow Hungarian émigré physicists Eugene Wigner and Edward Teller to contact Albert Einstein with the idea of writing a letter to President Franklin Roosevelt, urging the United States government to start its own atomic bomb research program. This led to the creation of the Manhattan Project, which built the firs...

The Republic of China, commonly known as Taiwan, is an island country in East Asia. The People's Republic of China (PRC), which is commonly known as China, is located on the mainland of East Asia. The two countries have a complex relationship that is marked by both cooperation and conflict. The two countries have a long history together. Mainland China and Taiwan were both part of the Chinese empire until the Qing dynasty was overthrown in 1911. The new Republic of China was established with its capital in Beijing. However, the government soon lost control of much of the country to warlord factions. In 1949, the Communist Party of China (CPC) under Mao Zedong defeated the Nationalist Party of China (KMT) under Chiang Kai-shek in a civil war. The KMT retreated to Taiwan and established a government there. Since then, the relationship between mainland China and Taiwan has been characterized by both cooperation and conflict. The two sides have worked together on economic development, ...

In the early morning hours of August 6, 1945, the United States of America detonated a nuclear weapon over the Japanese city of Hiroshima. The explosion destroyed nearly the entire city, killing an estimated 70,000 people instantly, and injuring tens of thousands more. Three days later, on August 9, the U.S. conducted a second nuclear strike, this time on the city of Nagasaki. The death toll from that attack is estimated to have been between 40,000 and 80,000 people. In the years since the United States’ decision to use nuclear weapons against Japan, the legacy of the Manhattan Project – the scientific and engineering undertaking that produced the world’s first atomic bombs – has been intensely debated. Was the use of nuclear weapons against Japan justified? Could the United States have avoided using them? What lessons should be learned from the experience of the Manhattan Project? The use of nuclear weapons against Japan remains one of the most controversial decisions in American his...